search expand

Mattrygghet fremfor ernæring?

Flere blir syke av feil ernæring enn av farlig mat. Undersøkelser viser at norske forbrukere har stor tillit til maten. Likevel har myndighetene satset mye på økt mattrygghet de senere årene. Antropolog Marianne Elisabeth Lien synes det er viktig å sette myndighetenes ”trygghetsfiksering” inn i en større sammenheng, leser i forskningsmagasinet Apollon:

– Mitt forslag til fortolkning er at dette har å gjøre med en ny politisk situasjon, der både importvern og jordbrukssubsidier gradvis er i ferd med å miste politisk legitimitet. Nå er det markedet som skal bestemme. Landbrukspolitikken må dermed føres med andre virkemidler, og dels på andre arenaer. Når ikke lenger importvern og reguleringer er gangbar mynt, spilles det på det som i bransjen kalles ”mentale handelsvern”: Forestillingen om at norsk mat er bedre fordi den er tryggere. Hvis man etablerer matområdet som en risikosone, trygghet som et bindeledd mellom mat og helse, forbrukerne som engstelige og norsk mat som tryggere enn annen mat, er mye vunnet for norsk landbruk.

>> les hele saken i Apollon

SE OGSÅ:

Maten tryggere enn noen gang

Trygg mat mer verdt enn sunn mat? – Intervju med Marianne Lien

Intervju med Runar Døving: Hva er matens etiske budskap og innhold?

Advarer mot trygghetsfundamentalismen: Overdrevet jakt på trygghet skaper utrygghet.

Flere blir syke av feil ernæring enn av farlig mat. Undersøkelser viser at norske forbrukere har stor tillit til maten. Likevel har myndighetene satset mye på økt mattrygghet de senere årene. Antropolog Marianne Elisabeth Lien synes det er viktig å…

Read more

Antropolog hjelper politiet til å forstå prostitusjon

Dansk politi har ansatt antropologen Marie Bang Nielsen i forbindelse med sitt arbeid med utenlandske prostituerte. Antropologen er med i aksjoner på bordeller og massasjeeklinikker.

Hun forteller:

– Her kan jeg forberede politifolkene på, hvordan kvinderne vil opfatte aktionen og kontakten med dem. Jeg præsenterer også de sociale organisationer og fortæller kvinderne, hvad der foregår, og hvad der videre skal ske.

Hun skal være en brobygger mellom prostituerte, politiet og sosiale organisasjoner.

– En af mine opgaver er at medvirke til at lave nogle guidelines i forbindelse med politiets arbejde med mulige ofre for kvindehandel og for politiets samarbejde med de sociale organisationer. På den måde kan vi i fællesskab yde den bedst mulige støtte til de mulige ofre. Jeg skal også forsøge at styrke organisationernes tillid til politiet. Dermed kan deres vilje til at inddrage politiet øges, og så kan vi yde en optimal støtte til kvinden, var nogle af de ting Marie Bang Nielsen fortalte under høringen.

>> les mer på Politiets hjemmeside

>> intervju i Danmarks Radio

SE OGSÅ:

Justitsministeren i Danmark vil ha antropologer i politiet

– Trenger nye perspektiver i prostitusjonsdebatten

Skal øke kunnskapen om russiske kvinner som selger sex i Norge

Thailendere velger selv prostitusjon

Dansk politi har ansatt antropologen Marie Bang Nielsen i forbindelse med sitt arbeid med utenlandske prostituerte. Antropologen er med i aksjoner på bordeller og massasjeeklinikker.

Hun forteller:

- Her kan jeg forberede politifolkene på, hvordan kvinderne vil opfatte aktionen…

Read more

La rage du peuple

Clearly this sunny Sunday is not made for sitting at home writing blog posts (nor is my head today, I notice as I try to express myself in English…), so I’ll just be very brief before I head off to my “office” in the shade of a tree in Parc Floral (Vincennes). (It’s a beautiful park in itself, and every Saturday and Sunday there are excellent and free jazz concerts there all summer, which makes it a perfect place for sitting down with a notebook and reflect on the last days’ events).

But before I go, I just have to share this video I just came across (as usual via Paris.Indymedia). Someone had already told me to check out the young rapeuse Keny Arkana from Marseille; – and her

(now with English subtitles!) is certainly great indeed. This video, with its’ lyrics and aesthetics capture so much of what’s going on in France (and the world) at the moment. I know this sounds a bit strange, exotic and perhaps even slightly ridiculous to Norwegian readers (oh, please someone, tell me that I’m mistaken…:) ), but I’m not getting the least surprised when someone is starting to talk about la revolution mondiale (global revolution). But that’s it for today, now I’m off to the park with my notebook, to do some writing on the previous nights’ discussions on, amongst other things, the rage of the people.

Clearly this sunny Sunday is not made for sitting at home writing blog posts (nor is my head today, I notice as I try to express myself in English…), so I’ll just be very brief before I head off to…

Read more

Seasonal sensations

The summer heat has come to Paris. For some days no, it’s been so hot in the afternoon that the boulevards are almost empty. Only in the shade under the trees are there a few pedestrians strolling slowly. However the Jehovah’s Witness people with their Watchtower are as usual in place by the metro Père Lachaise: A black man and a blonde woman, both decently dressed – in shirt and trousers, blouse and skirt – as usual with these missionaries. Metro Père Lachaise is about as far as I get up the deserted boulevard. This is not the time to be outside. Only some sweaty tourists defy the climatic condition and walk in the sun. I return home, and wait a couple of hours in front of my laptop, with all the windows wide open, mixing the music from my trashy little ghetto blaster with voices and other people’s music in the courtyard. (All these open windows facing the yard are great now during the Championship; the neighbourhood is reverberating when the right team scores – which unfortunately for the moment is not France…).
[teaserbreak]
But in the evening, the streets and parks and public spaces buzz with life. It was such a pleasure cycling through the city last evening, that I just kept on lazily watching the people drinking beer and wine along the canal, a whiff of cannabis coming my way once in a while, children of all colours were playing in the playgrounds, watched by chatting parents equally of all colours and in the costumes of the world (though the West African women are definitely the best at keeping up their proud dress traditions, with their brightly coloured and neatly cut dresses, and perhaps a intricately tied headscarf in the same fabric and maybe a child at the back – by the way, many here, mostly women but also men, have taken up this tradition of tying their child to the back or front without more equipment than a large scarf. When I see someone with a complicated baby carrying-equipment, I always suppose it’s a tourist). In Parc de la Villette, I can hear drums, someone is playing football, people are training, some men are showing off, but most are just lazily hanging around. It’s in the middle of the week, but it feels like the end of it… As I write now, I realise that the ever-present summer-in-the-park odour in Norway, is absent here. By googling barbecue jetable I get confirmed my suspicion that this is a very Norwegian phenomenon, indeed. One of the first hits on “barbecue jetable” was a blog by a French in Norway: “My Norwegian Wood”.

About two months ago, late April, I had another strong sensation that the season was about to change. It was Friday and afternoon, and standing on the crossroad of the boulevard up the street here, in the sun and busy monde, I suddenly felt like coming out into the world after a long hibernation. I don’t know exactly what gave me that feeling; the unfamiliar heat of the afternoon sun, the expressions in people’s faces and in their movements – a regained enthusiasm, energy, excitement, I don’t know – or just the atmosphere of the street-life… or perhaps even all the sirens? As it was in the middle of the anti-CPE mobilisations, the sirens that afternoon caught my attention. In a few hours, Chirac was going to make his long anticipated speech where he possibly would abrogate the CPE… The sensation that something was about to happen increased as all the passengers were thrown off the bus at Bastille because there was supposed to be a demo somewhere around. (Most passengers don’t seem to be very surprised by such changing bus itineraries, as a demonstration now and then is quite an ordinary happening).

The sound of sirens continued at Bastille. As I had an hour or two before I was supposed to be on a conference on France and slavery at Centre Pompidou, I walked around for a while around La Sorbonne and the Latin Quarter, trying to get at the heart of all this spring-like police activity. However, it just seemed to be everywhere so I gave up and went to the conference. (It was interesting, despite that Edouard Glissant didn’t show up in person).

When I got out on the street again I understood that something had happened, but unfortunately I didn’t find out what exactly it was before the day after when I read euphoric reports on Paris.Indymedia. After Chirac had said very little indeed in his speech, a so-called manif sauvage had set off from Bastille (where the speech had been broadcasted on a screen). All anthropologists who has read Levi-Strauss, La pensée sauvage (The savage mind, Den ville tanke), are familiar with the concept sauvage (it’s neither the equivalent of English “savage” nor “primitive, nor the Norwegian “vill”, I don’t know how to translate it), thus they would understand that a manif sauvage ought to be pretty cool. The un-cultivated demo had moved from Bastille, to the Presidential Palace where they got dispersed by the police, in order to meet again in front of La Sorbonne, and finally cross the whole city up to Sacre Coeur… thus crossing the city from east to west, and from south to north, and finishing in the early hours. It seemed to have been a little bit for everybody; a good street-party, a little fighting with the police, and a little wreckage of an office belonging to a depute from the ruling party. Thus, a real Parisian spring experience ;)

However, I shouldn’t perhaps joke too much about the recurrent sound of sirens. I’ve never seen so much police in my life before, as in the last 6 months. I even wonder if the reason for the town-hall to not put up the usual giant screen for the World Cup has anything to do with fear of public law and order… I watched almost every match in front of the town-hall here four years ago and it was so very, very nice that I just cannot understand why they’re not doing the same thing this year. (Another less romantic reason might be that the French team doesn’t really deserve a giant screen this year, as they’re really playing le foot de spleen as a Norwegian friend and Baudelaire fan suggested).

It’s amazing how much street-life here has changed with the season. I’ve always thought that there can’t be any place on earth where the seasons change more than in Norway. After endless months with ice, snow, sleet, darkness and the question why on earth have the human kind settled on this god-deserted place nagging my mind, spring in Norway just comes as a divine revelation (almost) every year. It’s a really strong experience, and of course the habitants change with it. So it came as a surprise to me that Parisians change perhaps even more. They speak even more to each other in public spaces.

– I’m starting to realise that Norwegians tend to smile to each other in situations where Parisians rather would express themselves with words. The smile is not a valid form of communication among strangers in public spaces. Only suggesting the shadow of a smile to any male above the age of, I don’t know… somewhere before adolescence I guess, is sheer country bumpkin stupidity. However, neither women seem to understand exactly how to respond if I try a little Norwegian smile in order to say, for instance, “sorry for being in the way” or any other fleeting bit of communication. When I think of it, it’s obvious; why not use words when you can? Because that’s exactly the point; a smile among strangers here occurs only when it’s impossible to speak: Amongst other occasions, I’ve got smiles from a man inside a car trying to get out of my bike’s way, a teacher whose pupils stared at my little bike with awe, and who understood it was my bike but was too far away to say something to me, and from a surprisingly large number of CRS and other police at the end of demos who noticed that I was looking at them. Well, that was today’s digression, on the incomprehension of the Scandinavian smile. –

The final and probably most important seasonal change is, again, the intensification of la drague (“picking up someone…”). It should be said that Parisians don’t only find their future partners in the streets, but they find friends there as well. I suspect that this sounds completely natural to people around the world – and Brazilians for instance, or French from the province, tend to find Parisians cold, inward-looking and non-communicative – however, for a Norwegian, all this street interaction is not an everyday experience. Just after spring had set in for real, I noticed that quite a lot of the male Parisians seemed to be so moved by the seasonal change that they couldn’t avoid expressing it, and not at all necessarily in order to chat me up. For instance, the number of people who jokingly tried to hitchhike with my tiny little bike in one single springy day was quite surprising. (And apropos the meaning of smiles; at such occasions I think I communicated correctly by responding with a smile).

As I had a strong impression that people – or rather, men – were in a hurry to find une femme, it was quite funny to hear a friend mention how he observed people in a bar he passes every day: According to his perspective, it started with the women wearing lighter and lighter clothes, and then more and more couples were formed, and soon all the opportunities will be gone, so if you hadn’t found someone before the end of June, you’re in trouble…

Studying French masculinities wasn’t my intention at the outset, but I’m starting to find certain differences between how (certain) men behave here and how they behave in Norway (and Britain), striking enough to be worth a study. And, well… as I have an inquisitive nature, I guess it goes without saying that I don’t mind very much the prospect of finding out more about it :D

The summer heat has come to Paris. For some days no, it’s been so hot in the afternoon that the boulevards are almost empty. Only in the shade under the trees are there a few pedestrians strolling slowly. However the…

Read more

Fattigdomsforskning: Sats på universelle ordninger!

På hvilken måte påvirkes barns oppvekst av at familien har dårlig råd? Hvordan kan samfunnet bidra til å hjelpe disse familiene? En ny NOVA-rapport viser at flertallet ønsket seg generelle ordninger framfor målretta tiltak fra det offentlige.

NOVA-forskerne har intervjuet barn og foreldre i 26 familier som hadde en inntekt på under 60 prosent av medianinntekten (EUs offisielle fattigdomsgrense). Rapporten er et delprosjekt knyttet til Prosjekt “Barns levekår – betydningen av familiens inntekt for barns hverdag” – et samarbeidsprosjekt mellom NOVA og Norske Kvinners Sanitetsforening.

I en omtale av rapporten skriver NOVA:

Fattigdom dreier seg først og fremst om å ha for lite penger, og derfor må barnefamilier sikres en inntekt som det går an å leve av, enten det er lønnsinntekt eller trygder og offentlige overføringer. Flere foreldre var opptatt av fordelen ved de universelle ordningene, fordi de ikke virket stigmatiserende samtidig som de ga det lille overskuddet som var nødvendig for å sikre barnas behov. (…)

Materialet antyder en etnisk forskjell. Kombinasjonen av å være i den økonomisk svakeste gruppa, slik mange av familiene med innvandrerbakgrunn er, og en materiell orientering gjør skjermingsoppgaven vanskelig for foreldrene. De kommer hele tiden til kort, og flere av intervjuene er preget av betydelig motløshet.

Et viktig funn er dessuten hvilken betydning kulturlivet har for fattigdombekjempelsen – ikke bare som organiserte fritidsaktiviteter for barn og unge, men også som opplevelsessentre og kulturformidlere for hele familien.

Rapporten avsluttes med disse setningene:

Når de offentlige budsjetter skal i havn, er svært ofte kulturbudsjettene salderingspost og kuttes til fordel for «viktigere» oppgaver. Kultursektoren, både den frivillige og offentlige, må få romslige økonomiske kår, men må også være sitt ansvar bevisst ved å iverksette tiltak for å nå fram til utsatte grupper. Først da kan den i enda større grad fylle sin funksjon som en forebyggende og inkluderende arena for alle barn og unge.

(…)

Mange av foreldrene som deltok i vår studie var i arbeid. Likevel strakk
ikke inntekten til. Dette er en utfordring til arbeidslivet om å tilby forsvarlige lønnsforhold. I en globalisert verden med fri flyt av arbeidskraft vil lønninger være under press, noe som i verste fall kan føre til lønninger som ikke gir tilstrekkelig inntektsgrunnlag til å dekke vanlige levekårsutgifter. Derfor må det politiske system og arbeidslivet trekke sammen for å sikre at norske lønninger gir en forsvarlig inntekt å leve av.

>> les omtalen av rapporten på NOVAs hjemmesider

>> last ned hele rapporten (pdf)

SE OGSÅ:

Etnisk fattigdom i Norge?

– Vi trenger mer kunnskap om fattigdom

Skal analysere verdsbankens syn på fattigdom

På hvilken måte påvirkes barns oppvekst av at familien har dårlig råd? Hvordan kan samfunnet bidra til å hjelpe disse familiene? En ny NOVA-rapport viser at flertallet ønsket seg generelle ordninger framfor målretta tiltak fra det offentlige.

NOVA-forskerne har intervjuet…

Read more